Modality specific time perception would more likely rely on distributed mechanisms, as evidenced in numerous studies 3, 5, including adaptation 6, 7 and perceptual learning 8, 9, 10 studies. There is a large body of literatures on this topic 3, 5, but here we only focus on a subtopic, i.e., whether subsecond timing is modality specific. ![]() One long-standing debate regarding subsecond time perception is whether it is based on a dedicated central clock, which acts like a pacemaker-accumulator to keep track of the time 1, 2, or is intrinsic properties of neural dynamics that distribute over many sensory modalities and brain areas 3, 4. Understanding temporally dynamic events such as speech and music requires accurate perception of durations and intervals on a scale of subsecond. Double training may refine this supramodal and conceptual subsecond time representation and connect it to a new sense to improve time perception. Moreover, because TID learning shows complete transfer between modalities with vastly different temporal precisions, the sub-second time presentation must be conceptual. We interpret the transfer results as indications of a supramodal representation of subsecond time. Practicing these functionally orthogonal tasks per se has no impact on TID thresholds. Auditory TID learning also transfers to and optimizes visual TID with additional practice of an orthogonal near-threshold visual contrast discrimination task at the same trained interval. Specifically, visual TID learning transfers to and optimizes auditory TID when the participants also receive exposure to the auditory temporal interval by practicing a functionally orthogonal near-threshold tone frequency discrimination task at the same trained interval. However, here we demonstrate complete cross-modal transfer of auditory and visual TID learning using a double training paradigm. ![]() In fact, perceptual learning of temporal interval discrimination (TID) reportedly shows either no cross-modal transfer, or asymmetric transfer from audition to vision, but not vice versa. Subsecond time perception has been frequently attributed to modality-specific timing mechanisms that would predict no cross-modal transfer of temporal perceptual learning.
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